中国灵长类动物保护的成就与挑战

李保国; 张河; 李明; 蒋学龙; 范朋飞; 周江; 郭松涛; 齐晓光; 李进华; 路纪琪; 夏东坡; 崔亮伟; 向左甫; 周岐海; 黄志旁; 黄乘明; 肖文; 胡慧建; 周智鑫; 陈明勇; 黎大勇; 范朋来; 杨寅; 潘汝亮

doi:10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2024-05-001

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中国灵长类动物保护的成就与挑战

西北大学生物学科办学100周年专刊 | 更新时间：2024-09-30

- 中国灵长类动物保护的成就与挑战
- Achievements and challenges in primate conservation in China
- 西北大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年54卷第5期页码：755-766
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西北大学　生命科学学院/陕西珍稀濒危动物保育重点实验室，陕西　西安　710069
  2.江西农业大学　林学院/保护生物学江西省重点实验室，江西　南昌　330045
  3.中国科学院　动物研究所/动物生态学与保护生物学院重点实验室，北京　100101
  4.中国科学院　昆明动物研究所/遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室，云南　昆明　650201
  5.中山大学　生命科学学院，广州　广东　510275
  6.贵州师范大学　喀斯特研究院，贵州　贵阳　550025
  7.安徽大学　黄山生物多样性与短尾猴行为生态学国际联合研究中心，安徽　合肥　230601
  8.郑州大学　生物多样性与生态学研究所，河南　郑州　450001
  9.西南林业大学　云南省极小种群野生植物综合保护重点实验室，云南　昆明　650224
  10.中南林业科技大学　生命科学与技术学院，湖南　长沙　410004
  11.广西师范大学　珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室，广西　桂林　541004
  12.大理大学　国际生物多样性中心和灵长类动物保护中心，云南　大理　671003
  13.广东省科学院　动物研究所/广东省动物保护与资源利用重点实验室，广东　广州　510663
  14.云南大学　生命科学学院，云南　昆明　650500
  15.西华师范大学　西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室，四川　南充　637001
  16.云南大学　国际河流与生态安全研究院，云南　昆明　650500
  17.西澳大学　人类学学院，珀斯　WA6009
- 作者简介：
  
  李保国，男，教授，博士生导师，从事动物学研究，baoguoli@nwu.edu.cn。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(32371563);中国科学院战略重点研究项目(XDB31020302)
- DOI：10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2024-05-001
  中图分类号： Q958
- 纸质出版日期：2024-10-25，
  
  收稿日期：2024-06-01，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李保国, 张河, 李明, 等. 中国灵长类动物保护的成就与挑战[J]. 西北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024,54(5):755-766.

LI Baoguo, ZHANG He, LI Ming, et al. Achievements and challenges in primate conservation in China[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2024,54(5):755-766.
李保国, 张河, 李明, 等. 中国灵长类动物保护的成就与挑战[J]. 西北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024,54(5):755-766. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2024-05-001.

LI Baoguo, ZHANG He, LI Ming, et al. Achievements and challenges in primate conservation in China[J]. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2024,54(5):755-766. DOI： 10.16152/j.cnki.xdxbzr.2024-05-001.

摘要

气候变化和人类活动的双重影响导致全球灵长类生物多样性急剧下降。中国是北半球灵长类动物种类最多的国家，但在农业社会向现代社会转型的过程中，现代农业的扩张、自然资源的消耗以及土地的过度开发，使中国面临着严重的生态威胁。为此，中国实施了包括栖息地恢复和保护在内的多种生态保护措施，在生物多样性保护方面取得了实质性进展，某些地区的灵长类动物种群数量有所增加。该研究对中国灵长类动物的历史文献和实地调查资料进行了系统分析，对中国灵长类动物的濒危状况进行了评估。尽管大多数灵长类物种的栖息地有所改善，种群数量也有所增长，但许多物种仍然面临着严重的威胁，包括种群数量的减少。例如，缅甸金丝猴、东黑冠长臂猿和海南长臂猿等物种由于分布范围有限和种群数量极少，仍然特别脆弱。科学数据的缺乏以及保护生物学研究的不足，进一步加剧了这些挑战。此外，蜂猴、倭蜂猴、印支灰叶猴、肖氏乌叶猴和戴帽叶猴等物种的详细种群监测数据仍然缺乏，这严重阻碍了针对这些物种保护管理政策的制定。因此，在生物多样性保护方面，迫切需要开展专门的灵长类动物调查，实行跨境保护和区域合作，建立全面系统的数据库平台，对灵长类生物学进行持续深入的研究。此外，加强公众对野生动物保护的认识也至关重要。这些综合、系统的工作将为中国灵长类物种的保护和管理提供科学依据。

Abstract

The dual impact of climate change and human activities has led to a sharp decline in global primate biodiversity. China

which has the most diverse primate species in the northern hemisphere

faces severe ecological threats during its transition from an agricultural to a modern society due to the expansion of modern agriculture

over-exploitation and consumption of natural resources

and excessive land development. In response

China has implemented various ecological conservation measures

including habitat restoration and protection. These efforts have made substantial progress in biodiversity conservation

with certain regions seeing an increase in primate populations. This study conducted a systematic review of historical documents and field research data related to Chinese primates

evaluating the endangered status of primate species in China. Despite improvements in the habitats of most primate species and some population growth

many species still face severe threats

including declining and small populations. Species such as the Myanmar snub-nosed monkey (

Rhinopithecus strykeri

)

eastern black crested gibbon (

Nomascus nasutus

)

and Hainan gibbon (

N. hainanus

) remain particularly vulnerable due to their limited distribution ranges and extremely small populations. Insufficient scientific data

fragmented information

and a lack of comprehensive studies in conservation biology further exacerbate these challenges. Additionally

there is a notable lack of detailed population monitoring data for species such as the Bengal slow loris (

Nycticebus bengalensis

)

Pygmy slow loris (

N. pygmaeus

)

Indochinese gray langur (

Trachypithecus crepusculus

)

Shortridge’s langur (

T. shortridgei

)

and capped langur (

T. pileatus

)

hindering the development of practical and targeted conservation management strategies. Therefore

for national biodiversity conservation

there is an

urgent need for specialized primate surveys

enhanced habitat protection and restoration

and increased focus on cross-border conservation strategies and regional cooperation. Establishing a comprehensive and systematic research database platform

conducting continuous and in-depth research in primate biology. Additionally

strengthening public awareness on wildlife conservation remains essential. Such integrated and systematic efforts will provide scientific support for the current and future conservation and management of primate species in China.

关键词

灵长类动物生物多样性栖息地破碎化生境修复保护策略

Keywords

primatesbiodiversityhabitat fragmentationhabitat restorationconservation strategies

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